https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33433 Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:26:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33428 -1m^-1Pa^-1), solubility (43.12%) opacity (0.44%) and better mechanical properties, demonstrating the importance of selection of the source of starch. The results also indicated that rice starch had compatibility with ι-carrageenan, and the blend of these two polysaccharides can be potentially used for coating fruit and vegetables.]]> Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:13:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33427 Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:13:01 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33426 Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:12:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33424 Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:06:57 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33416 Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:06:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33418 -1) was tested against the in vitro growth of Alternaria alternata. Prior to extraction, one batch of by-product was dehydrated by freeze-drying (untreated by-product), while the other batch was treated by microwave irradiation in conjunction with freeze-drying (microwave-treated by-product). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed for the identification of individual phenolic compounds with potent antifungal activities. Both lemon by-product aqueous extracts inhibited the mycelial growth and suppressed the spore germination of the fungus in a concentration-dependent manner. In general, the extracts obtained from the microwave-treated lemon by-product displayed enhanced antifungal activity than those obtained from the untreated one. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that both lemon by-product extracts affected the hyphal morphology of the fungus. The antifungal activity of the extracts was attributed to their phenolic acid and ascorbic acid contents.]]> Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:06:13 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33417 Wed 31 Oct 2018 15:05:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54999 Wed 27 Mar 2024 16:39:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45199 Scaevola spinescens is endemic to Australia and traditionally used as a medicinal plant. While its bioactive compounds have been studied, their concentrations in different parts of the plant have not been reported. This study compared total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids, saponins and antioxidant properties, as well as major individual phytochemical compounds in the whole root, root bark, root wood, whole stem, stem bark, stem wood, and leaf of S. spinescens. The results showed the leaf had significantly highest concentrations of TPC followed by the root bark and stem bark (47.34, 12.24 and 10.20 mg GAE/g, respectively). Flavonoids concentrations were also significantly higher in the leaf compared to the root bark and stem bark (20.95, 6.22 and 4.19 mg CE/g, respectively). For saponins, the root bark contained significantly highest concentrations (112.58 mg EE/g). Luteolin 7-glucoside was isolated and identified in the leaf of S.spinescens. Eight major compounds were identified with the leaf displaying the highest diversity of major compounds, and in higher concentrations, compared to the other plant constituents. As the leaf and root bark contained the highest concentrations of phytochemicals, these plant parts are recommended as starting material for future studies, to further isolate and identify the major compounds from S.spinescens and investigate their biological properties for use in pharmaceutical and food applications.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 14:40:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47720 Wed 25 Jan 2023 13:29:24 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47695 Wed 25 Jan 2023 08:49:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30607 Eucalyptus species using an MTT assay. The most promising extracts were further evaluated using a CCK-8 assay. Apoptotic studies were performed using a caspase 3/7 assay in MIA PaCa-2 cells. The aqueous extract of Eucalyptus microcorys leaf and the ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus microcorys fruit inhibited the growth of glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, lung and pancreatic cancer cells by more than 80% at 100 μg/mL. The E. microcorys and Eucalyptus saligna extracts showed lower GI₅₀ values than the ethanolic Eucalyptus robusta extract in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Aqueous E. microcorys leaf and fruit extracts at 100 μg/mL exerted significantly higher cell growth inhibition in MIA PaCa-2 cells than other extracts (p < 0.05). Statistically similar IC₅₀ values (p > 0.05) were observed in aqueous E. microcorys leaf (86.05 ± 4.75 μg/mL) and fruit (64.66 ± 15.97 μg/mL) and ethanolic E. microcorys leaf (79.30 ± 29.45 μg/mL) extracts in MIA PaCa-2 cells using the CCK-8 assay. Caspase 3/7-mediated apoptosis and morphological changes of cells were also witnessed in MIA PaCa-2 cells after 24 h of treatment with the extracts. This study highlighted the significance of E. microcorys as an important source of phytochemicals with efficacy against pancreatic cancer cells. Further studies are warranted to purify and structurally identify individual compounds and elucidate their mechanisms of action for the development of more potent and specific chemotherapeutic agents for pancreatic cancer.]]> Wed 19 Jan 2022 15:15:45 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45482 Wed 14 Jun 2023 16:44:34 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44367 Wed 12 Oct 2022 10:10:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27325 Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) is mainly native to Australia; however, some species are now distributed globally. Eucalyptus has been used in indigenous Australian medicines for the treatment of a range of aliments including colds, flu, fever, muscular aches, sores, internal pains, and inflammation. Eucalyptus oils containing volatile compounds have been widely used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries for a multitude of purposes. In addition, Eucalyptus extracts containing nonvolatile compounds are also an important source of key bioactive compounds, and several studies have linked Eucalyptus extracts with anticancer properties. With the increasing research interest in Eucalyptus and its health properties, this review briefly outlines the botanical features of Eucalyptus, discusses its traditional use as medicine, and comprehensively reviews its phytochemical and anticancer properties and, finally, proposes trends for future studies.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:37:12 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26060 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:22:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30254 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:02:25 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26931 Olea europaea L. leaves are an agricultural waste product with a high concentration of phenolic compounds; especially oleuropein. Oleuropein has been shown to exhibit anti-proliferative activity against a number of cancer types. However, they have not been tested against pancreatic cancer, the fifth leading cause of cancer related death in Western countries. Therefore, water, 50% ethanol and 50% methanol extracts of Corregiola and Frantoio variety Olea europaea L. leaves were investigated for their total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and oleuropein content, antioxidant capacity and anti-proliferative activity against MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. The extracts only had slight differences in their phytochemical properties, and at 100 and 200 μg/mL, all decreased the viability of the pancreatic cancer cells relative to controls. At 50 μg/mL, the water extract from the Corregiola leaves exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity with the effect possibly due to early eluting HPLC peaks. For this reason, olive leaf extracts warrant further investigation into their potential anti-pancreatic cancer benefits.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:54:42 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29717 w = 0.6. Films plasticized with glycerol, under all temperatures and RH conditions (11%–96%), adsorbed more moisture resulting in higher equilibrium moisture contents. Reduction of the temperature enhanced the equilibrium moisture content and monolayer water of the films. The obtained experimental data were fitted to different models including two-parameter equations (Oswin, Henderson, Brunauer–Emmitt–Teller (BET), Flory–Huggins, and Iglesias–Chirife), three-parameter equations Guggenhiem–Anderson–deBoer (GAB), Ferro–Fontan, and Lewicki) and a four-parameter equation (Peleg). The three-parameter Lewicki model was found to be the best-fitted model for representing the experimental data within the studied temperatures and whole range of relative humidities (11%–98%). Addition of glycerol increased the net isosteric heat of moisture sorption of pea starch film. The results provide important information with estimating of stability and functional characteristics of the films in various environments.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:24:45 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26324 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:05:07 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12147 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:02:16 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19404 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:19:57 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19242 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:53:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25983 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:02:43 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30206 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:52:08 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26299 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:50:48 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19399 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:42:03 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30609 Eucalyptus robusta leaf and to evaluate the impact of solvents, temperature, sonication time and power on ultrasound-assisted extraction of these compounds. Temperature has the greatest impact on the total phenolic content (TPC) yield followed by time and power. A yield of 163.68 ± 2.13 mg GAE/g of TPC is observed using 250 W ultrasonic power for 90 min at 60°C with water. This study validates UAE as an efficient, green, and sustainable technique for extracting phenolics from E. robusta.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:37:27 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44042 Wed 05 Oct 2022 15:32:26 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43987 Wed 05 Oct 2022 14:36:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43936 Wed 05 Oct 2022 12:44:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30233 L, a, and b), total color difference (ΔE), yellowness index (YI), and whiteness index (WI) of the pea starch based edible films was studied using three factors with three level Box–Behnken response surface design. The individual linear effect of pea starch, guar and glycerol was significant (p < 0.05) on all the responses. However, a value was only significantly (p < 0.05) affected by pea starch and guar gum in a positive and negative linear term, respectively. The effect of interaction of starch × glycerol was also significant (p < 0.05) on TR of edible films. Interaction between independent variables starch × guar gum had a significant impact on the b and YI values. The quadratic regression coefficient of pea starch showed a significant effect (p < 0.05) on V, MC, L, b, ΔE, YI, and WI; glycerol level on ΔE and WI; and guar gum on ΔE and SOL value. The results were analyzed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the second order polynomial models were developed from the experimental design with reliable and satisfactory fit with the corresponding experimental data and high coefficient of determination (R²) values (>0.93). Three-dimensional response surface plots were established to investigate the relationship between process variables and the responses. The optimized conditions with the goal of maximizing TR and minimizing SOL, YI and MC were 2.5 g pea starch, 25% glycerol and 0.3 g guar gum. Results revealed that pea starch/guar gum edible films with appropriate physical and optical characteristics can be effectively produced and successfully applied in the food packaging industry.]]> Wed 04 Sep 2019 10:24:08 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33432 Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Neang Pich) were exposed to 13.6 kJ m^-2 UV-C or 0.5 µL L^-1 1-MCP or combination of 13.6 kJ m^-2 UV-C and 0.5 µL L^-1 1-MCP, with appropriate untreated controls. After treatment, tomatoes were stored in air containing 0.1 µL L^-1 ethylene at 20°C and 100% RH. The untreated fruit ripened significantly faster than those of all other treatments. UV-C treatment alone was able to delay fruit ripening by up to 5 days longer compared to untreated fruits whilst the additional of 1-MCP further delayed fruit ripening. UV-C and 1-MCP treatments alone or in combination had significantly slower ethylene production rates throughout the storage period. The fruit treated with the combination of 1-MCP and UV-C was significantly firmer and had higher total phenolic content compared to that of the other treatments. However, there was no difference between treatments in soluble solids content/titratable acids ratio, chlorophyll content, lycopene content and total antioxidant activity. These results show that UV-C and 1-MCP treatment delay ripening and improve the quality of tomatoes in the presence of low-level ethylene during storage. This new treatment could be used to extend the shelf-life of mature green tomatoes through the supply chain without the use of refrigeration.]]> Wed 04 Sep 2019 09:56:41 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49754 Tue 30 May 2023 17:28:42 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32419 Tue 27 Sep 2022 09:41:42 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32046 p‐coumaric acid content. The highest gallic acid content was recorded in the pomace dried by hot air at 110°C. The results of this study indicate that drying technique should be carefully selected according to the bioactive compounds aimed to be extracted.]]> Tue 24 Apr 2018 15:09:46 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48526 Tue 21 Mar 2023 13:27:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48949 Tue 18 Apr 2023 11:15:59 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36608 Tue 16 Jun 2020 10:51:27 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33421 Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica) were stored at low pressure (4 kPa) at 10°C at 100% relative humidity (RH) for 11 days. Fruit quality was examined upon removal and after being transferred to normal atmosphere (101 kPa) at 20°C for three days. Zucchinis stored at low pressure exhibited a 50% reduction in stem-end browning compared with fruit stored at atmospheric pressure (101 kPa) at 10°C. The benefit of low pressure treatment was maintained after the additional three days storage at normal atmospheric pressure at 20°C. Indeed, low pressure treated fruit transferred to regular atmosphere 20°C for three days possessed a significantly lower incidence of postharvest rot compared to fruit stored at regular atmospheric pressure at 10°C. Zucchinis stored at low pressure showed higher levels of acceptability (28% and 36 % respectively) compared to fruit stored at regular atmospheres at 10°C for both assessment times.]]> Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:18:41 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31209 Cupaniopsis anacardioides) is an Australian native plant that fruits over the summer months. There are very few studies that have characterised its fruit; consequently, this study aimed to delineate the physical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of the tuckeroo fruit. The tuckeroo skin embodied the largest weight proportion with over 77% of the total fruit weight and it had the highest levels of total phenolic compounds (TPC; 151.36 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids compounds (TFC; 95.94 mg CAE/g), and proanthocyanidins (Proanth; 164.86 mg CAE/g) content, as well as the strongest antioxidant power. The seed and flesh accounted for 23% of the total fruit weight and they possessed significantly lower levels of TPC, TFC and Proanth. This study has demonstrated that the tuckeroo fruit skin is a rich source of phenolic compounds, which can be further isolated and identified for further utilisation in the food and pharmaceutical industries.]]> Tue 01 May 2018 09:18:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37278 Salacia chinensis L. root; investigate the impact of solvents on yield; optimise the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) technique; and compare mangiferin yield with continuously shaking extraction (CSE) and decoction techniques. The results showed that mangiferin, with a purity of over 88%, could be achieved by HPLC using a mixture of solvent A (water: acetonitrile: orthophosphoric acid, 96.8:3:0.2 (v/v/v)) and solvent B (acetonitrile). Solvent type significantly affected the extraction yield of mangiferin, and a mixture of acetone and water gave the highest extraction yield, as compared to other solvents or mixtures. UAE conditions, such as ultrasonic power, temperature, time and concentration of acetone significantly affected the extraction of mangiferin. Optimal UAE conditions were at an ultrasonic power of 250 W, temperature of 50 °C, acetone concentration of 40% and extraction time of 60 min. These optimal conditions could extract approximately 92 mg, whereas CSE and decoction only extracted 89.20 mg and 58.71 mg of mangiferin, respectively, from 1 g of S. chinensis root. Therefore, these UAE conditions are recommended for the extraction of mangiferin from S. chinensis root for further utilisation.]]> Thu 27 Jan 2022 15:56:51 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42563 Thu 25 Aug 2022 11:12:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25041 Prunus avium L.) are a nutritious fruit which are rich in polyphenols and have high antioxidant potential. Most sweet cherries are consumed fresh and a small proportion of the total sweet cherries production is value added to make processed food products. Sweet cherries are highly perishable fruit with a short harvest season, therefore extensive preservation and processing methods have been developed for the extension of their shelf-life and distribution of their products. Scope and approach: In this review, the main physicochemical properties of sweet cherries, as well as bioactive components and their determination methods are described. The study emphasises the recent progress of postharvest technology, such as controlled/modified atmosphere storage, edible coatings, irradiation, and biological control agents, to maintain sweet cherries for the fresh market. Valorisations of second-grade sweet cherries, as well as trends for the diversification of cherry products for future studies are also discussed. Key findings and conclusions: Sweet cherry fruit have a short harvest period and marketing window. The major loss in quality after harvest include moisture loss, softening, decay and stem browning. Without compromising their eating quality, the extension in fruit quality and shelf-life for sweet cherries is feasible by means of combination of good handling practice and applications of appropriate postharvest technology. With the drive of health-food sector, the potential of using second class cherries including cherry stems as a source of bioactive compound extraction is high, as cherry fruit is well-known for being rich in health-promoting components.]]> Thu 21 Oct 2021 12:53:01 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39154 Momordica cochinchinensis) is a tropical fruit. It belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. Gac pulp (or mesocarp) that accounts for 40-50% of fruit weight is commonly discarded during the processing of Gac fruit. However, this by-product is a rich source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, which are potential to produce edible films. This study aimed to determine the effect of sodium alginate, kappa-carrageenan, Gac pulp and glycerol on film properties and optimise the formula of this composite film for further applications using a response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that sodium alginate, kappa-carrageenan, Gac pulp, and glycerol affected physical and barrier properties, colour parameters, and mechanical properties of the films. The optimal formulation to generate a composite film from Gac pulp include sodium alginate 1.03%, kappa-carrageenan 0.65%, Gac pulp 0.4%, and glycerol 0.85% (w/v), where this film produces high mechanical properties, low water vapour permeability and acceptable physical properties. This optimised film formulation demonstrates a potential for food application.]]> Thu 19 May 2022 16:15:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49461 Thu 18 May 2023 12:40:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50836 Thu 17 Aug 2023 11:57:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40628 Thu 11 Aug 2022 11:14:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33409 Eucalyptus microcorys extract against pancreatic cancer cell lines. In this study, bioassay-guided fractionation of the aqueous crude E. microcorys extract using RP-HPLC and subsequent assessment of the resultant fractions (F1-F5) for their antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer cell lines were performed. The molecular mechanisms associated with the cytotoxicity was characterised by studying the effects of the most potent fraction-1 (F1) on apoptosis and cell cycle profiles as well as its phytochemical constituents by LC-ESI/MS/MS. F1 displayed significantly greater antioxidant activity in three different assays (p < 0.05). Moreover, F1 exhibited significantly greater antiproliferative activity (IC₅₀ = 93.11 ± 3.43 µg/mL) against MIA PaCa-2 cells compared to the other four fractions (p < 0.05). F1 induced apoptosis by regulating key apoptotic proteins- Bcl-2, Bak, Bax, cleaved PARP, procaspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in MIA PaCa-2 cells, suggesting the involvement of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and arrested cells at G2/M phase. A combination of gemcitabine and F1 exerted a greater effect on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest than F1 or gemcitabine alone (p < 0.05). LC-ESI/MS/MS revealed the tentative identities of phytochemicals present in F1 and their similarities with the phenolic compounds previously reported in Eucalyptus with antipancreatic cancer activity. Our study shows that the polyphenol and antioxidant-rich fraction of E. microcorys extract is a promising candidate for developing mono or combination therapies against pancreatic cancer.]]> Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:03:58 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30611 Corymbia and Angophora. Four Angophora and Corymbia species were evaluated for their phytochemical profile and efficacy against both primary and secondary pancreatic cancer cell lines. The aqueous leaf extract of Angophora hispida exhibited statistically higher total phenolic content (107.85 ± 1.46 mg of gallic acid equiv. per g) and total flavonoid content (57.96 ± 1.93 mg rutin equiv. per g) and antioxidant capacity compared to the other tested eucalypts (P < 0.05). Both A. hispida and A. floribunda aqueous extracts showed statistically similar saponin contents. Angophora floribunda extract exerted significantly greater cell growth inhibition of 77.91 ± 4.93% followed by A. hispida with 62.04 ± 7.47% (P < 0.05) at 100 μg/ml in MIA PaCa-2 cells with IC₅₀ values of 75.58 and 87.28 μg/ml, respectively. More studies are required to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds from these two Angophora species and to determine their mode of action against pancreatic malignancies.]]> Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:03:07 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29794 Thu 04 Nov 2021 10:39:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33408 Thu 04 Nov 2021 10:39:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46816 Thu 01 Dec 2022 09:46:26 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50589 Sun 30 Jul 2023 15:16:38 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31497 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:44:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12947 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:17:17 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20454 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:06:57 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20934 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:06:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18221 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:40 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18104 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17836 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20090 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:00:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19891 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:57:09 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21219 Camellia sinensis) catechins are strong antioxidants linked with potential health benefits. Based on previous studies, it was hypothesised that the typical household conditions for brewing green tea in a teabag – 200 mL freshly boiled water for 2–3 min, as per the manufacturers’ instructions – were not sufficient to extract all the catechins and that a household microwave oven could be used to improve the extraction. The catechins and the two other main green tea components, caffeine and theanine, were monitored by HPLC. The typical household conditions only extracted 62% (61 mg/g tea), 76% (24 mg/g) and 80% (10 mg/g) of the catechins, caffeine and theanine, respectively, from the five varieties of teabags analysed. However, using microwave assisted extraction (MAE) by first brewing a teabag in 200 mL freshly boiled water for 0.5 min before irradiation for 1 min in a microwave oven (hot MAE), improved the extraction of the catechins and caffeine to 80% (80 mg/g) and 92% (29 mg/g), respectively, although the extraction of theanine was not affected. Therefore, the hot MAE technique could help maximise the extraction of the catechins for those who consume green tea for the potential health benefits of the catechins.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21231 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20130 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:51:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21347 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:51:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28484 Davidsonia pruriens F. Muell) and to assess the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of the phenolic-enriched extract. The results showed that temperature, time and ratio significantly affected the extraction of TPC. Optimization of extraction conditions was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) utilising a Box–Behnken design. Optimal extraction conditions were determined to be temperature: 90 °C, extraction time: 30 min and solvent to mass ratio: 20:1 mL g⁻¹. The extracted solid obtained under these conditions had low-moisture content, high water solubility and contained 45 mg GAE g−1 of TPC, 22 mg RUE g⁻¹ of flavonoids, 3.2 mg CAE g⁻¹ of proanthocyanidins, 2 mg CGE g⁻¹ of anthocyanidins and 56 mg ACE g⁻¹ vitamin C. The extract possessed potent antioxidant capacity, but was comparatively lower than those of vitamin E and BHT. Thus, Davidson's plum should be further investigated for its potential health promoting benefits and utilisation in the nutraceutical and food industries.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27971 0.05) influenced by time and temperature, compared with controls. Drying conditions of 65°C for 120 min are recommended for optimization of drying.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:44 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27329 Eucalyptus robusta (Sm.) (ER) is a widely distributed tree native to the east coast of Australia, which has also been established in numerous other countries. ER leaves contain high levels of essential oils and are rich in total phenolic compounds (TPC), which have been linked with health benefits; however, there is limited information on the bioactivity of ER leaf extracts. This study aimed to optimise water extraction conditions for TPC, prepare a spray-dried powdered extract and test its physicochemical, antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties. The results showed that optimal water extraction conditions for TPC were 85°C, 15 min and a water-to-leaf ratio of 20:1 mL/g. Under these conditions, spray-dried powdered extract was prepared with a recovery yield of 85%. The extract was water-soluble and had a TPC level of 407 mg GAE/g. It also possessed potent antioxidant capacity, comparable to pure ascorbic acid, but higher than pure α-tocopherol. In addition, the powdered extract demonstrated significant activity against a panel of cancer cell lines, which included cancers of the pancreas, breast, lung, brain, skin, colon and ovary. Of note, the ER extract exerted a more significant toxic effect on pancreatic cancer (PC) cells compared to gemcitabine, the first line chemotherapeutic agent for PC. We suggest that future studies should purify individual bioactive compounds from ER for further investigation of its potential health promoting and anti-cancer activity.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27327 Vitex agnus-castus (Vitex AC) leaves have been used for medicinal purposes for many years. Drying is important to prepare starting materials for further processing, as it is associated with production cost and quality of the materials. Herein, the effects of five different drying conditions on the physical, chemical and antioxidant properties of Vitex AC were evaluated. The results showed that 30% of dried leaves with moisture content of less than 7% could be produced from fresh leaves. Vitex AC leaves dried by freeze and vacuum drying at 65C had higher levels of bioactive compounds as well as higher antioxidant capacity in comparison with other drying conditions, revealing that these drying conditions are more suitable for drying Vitex AC leaves. However, freeze drying is costly and time-consuming; thus, vacuum drying at 65C is suggested for drying the Vitex AC leaves as the starting materials for further processing steps. Practical Applications: As drying is an important process to prepare starting materials for further processing steps, it is important to compare different drying methods to identify the most suitable method with low cost and less effect on material quality. The results showed that inappropriate drying conditions resulted in big loss of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. Vacuum drying at 65C was found to be the most suitable method, which can be easily applied for drying Vitex agnus-castus leaves in the industrial scale.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27326 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25282 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:13 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29718 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29664 −1. Under these conditions, the aqueous extracts had the same content of TPC and TF as well as antioxidant capacity in comparison with those of methanol extracts obtained by sonication. Therefore, these conditions could be applied for further extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds from lemon pomace]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:32:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29890 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:29:53 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25688 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30547 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:27:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26325 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:12 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23414 Euphorbia tirucalli (E. tirucalli) has been linked with various health benefits. This study aimed to optimize ultrasonic extraction conditions for euphol from E. tirucalli leaf. Different solvents were tested to determine the most effective solvent for extraction of euphol. Then, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions including temperature, time and power for maximal extraction of euphol. Our results showed that ethyl acetate:ethanol (4:1, v/v) was the most effective solvent for the extraction of euphol. Ultrasonic temperature and time had a positive impact, whereas, ultrasonic power had a negative effect on the extraction efficiency of euphol. The optimum ultrasonic extraction conditions for euphol were identified as: solvent-to-fresh sample ratio of 100:32 mL/g; ultrasonic temperature of 60 °C; ultrasonic time of 75 min and ultrasonic power of 60% (150 W). Under these optimum conditions, approximately 4.06 mg of euphol could be obtained from one gram of fresh E. tirucalli leaf. This extract also contained phenolic compounds (2.5 mg GAE/g FW) and possessed potent antioxidant capacity. These optimal conditions are applicable for a larger scale to extract and isolate euphol for potential utilization in the pharmaceutical industry. Keywords]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52834 Mon 30 Oct 2023 09:39:46 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31216 Solanum lycopersicum cv. Neang Pich) were stored at low pressure (4 kPa) at 10°C for 11 days with 100% RH. Fruit quality was examined upon removal and after being transferred to normal atmosphere (101 kPa) at 20°C for 3 days. Weight loss was significantly lower in fruits which were stored at low pressure (4 kPa) than in fruits that were stored at regular atmosphere (101 kPa) at 10°C. Fruits that were stored at low pressure (4 kPa) reduced calyx browning by 12.5%, and calyx rots by 16%, compared to fruits that were stored at regular atmosphere (101 kPa) at 10°C. Fruit firmness was not significantly different between fruits stored at low pressures (4 kPa) and the normal atmosphere (101 kPa), with an average firmness of 14 N after fruits were stored at 10°C for 11 days. There was no difference in the SSC/TA ratio. The results suggest that a low pressure of 4 kPa at 10°C has potential as an alternative, non-chemical postharvest treatment to improve tomato quality during storage.]]> Mon 23 Sep 2019 12:38:29 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32409 Mon 23 Sep 2019 11:18:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37362 Mon 19 Oct 2020 10:36:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33420 -2 UV-C and 0.5 µL L^-1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments both separately and in combination. After treatment, fruit were stored in ethylene free (i.e. air containing < 0.005 µL L^-1) or 0.1 µL L^-1 ethylene at 20 °C and 100% RH. The results showed that UV-C treatment delayed skin degreening and reduced endogenous ethylene production compared to untreated control fruit, however these effects reduced over the storage time. As expected, 1-MCP inhibited ethylene production, reduced calyx abscission and retained peel greenness during the storage. Both of the combination treatments, 1-MCP + UV-C and UV-C + 1-MCP reduced endogenous ethylene production and delayed skin yellowing. In all treatments, UV-C and 1-MCP resulted in lower fruit respiration rates than untreated control fruit, however this effect diminished during 7 and 14 days storage for fruits stored in air and 0.1 µL L^-1 ethylene atmosphere, respectively. There was no difference in weight loss, SSC, TA and SSC/TA ratio between the treatments and storage conditions. The results suggest that a pre-storage UV-C treatment, followed by storage at low level of ethylene improves the quality of limes, with the additional improvement when combined with 1-MCP treatment prior or after UV-C irradiation.]]> Mon 14 Jun 2021 18:15:37 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40415 Cupaniopsis anacardioides) is an Australian native tree, possessing high level bioactivity and antioxidant activity. To prevent deterioration of active constituents, appropriate drying practices must be determined. This study comparatively evaluates the impact of a range of drying methods including freeze-, microwave-, vacuum-, hot air- and sun-drying on the physical, phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of Tuckeroo fruit. Experimental results showed that the five drying methods had significant impact on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of the fruits. Of the drying methods assessed, freeze drying best preserved Tuckeroo activity, recording higher total phenolic content (TPC) (81.88 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g), total flavonoids (TFC) (107.71 mg catechin equivalent (CAE)/g), proanthocyanidins (TPro) (83.86 mg CAE/g) and exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity. However, vacuum drying at 65 kPa, 100 ℃ for 5 h is recommended for drying Tuckeroo fruits for further processing in a large scale as it also retained high levels of TPC, TFC and TPro (58 mg GAE/g, 91 mg CAE/g and 74 mg CAE/g, respectively).]]> Mon 11 Jul 2022 14:44:41 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50808 Mon 07 Aug 2023 10:30:36 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33429 Capsicum annum L.) were stored under low pressure (4 kPa) at 10°C for 5 and 11 days with 100% RH. The results showed that the incidence of stem decay under low-pressure storage for 5 and 11 days and storage at ambient atmosphere at 20°C for 3 days was lower compared to fruits that were stored at regular atmosphere at 10°C. Fruit that had been stored at low pressure at 10°C had no symptoms of flesh rots for up to 11 days, whilst fruit which had been stored at regular atmosphere at 10°C had 6% flesh rots after 11 days storage at 10°C.There was no difference in flesh firmness and colour retention between fruits stored at low pressure and regular pressure at 10°C. Capsicums stored at low pressure had higher overall acceptability compared to fruit that were stored at regular atmosphere at 10°C. These results demonstrate the potential of low pressure storage as an effective technique to manage capsicum fruit quality, however, there was no additional benefit when fruits were stored at low pressure for more than 5 days.]]> Fri 31 Jan 2020 11:56:09 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46153 Fri 30 Jun 2023 11:20:41 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33403 Fri 26 Oct 2018 16:01:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33951 Fri 25 Jan 2019 09:20:06 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48105 Fri 24 Feb 2023 15:38:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33063 Fri 24 Aug 2018 12:56:06 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47830 Fri 23 Jun 2023 12:02:28 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35108 Fri 21 Jun 2019 10:04:57 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33354 Fri 19 Oct 2018 16:54:43 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34477 Musa cavendish) peel using response surface methodology. The results showed that recovery yields of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and antioxidant properties were affected by the extraction parameters; of which the acetone concentration had the greatest effect. Optimal extraction conditions were found to be at ultrasonic temperature of 30°C, ultrasonic time of 5 min, ultrasonic power of 150 W, sample to solvent ratio of 8:100 g/mL and acetone concentration of 60%. Under these optimal conditions, 23.49 mg of phenolic compounds, 39.46 mg of flavonoids and 13.11 mg of proanthocyanidins could be extracted from 1 g of banana (M. cavendish) peel. Practical applications: Banana peel known as waste is generated in a big quantity with limited utilization. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize this by‐product for adding value to food industry. This study was designed to establish a simple, effective extraction method for maximum recovery of phenolic compounds from banana peel. Findings from this study can be used for further isolation and purification of phenolic compounds from banana peel for subsequent application in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industry.]]> Fri 15 Mar 2019 13:30:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49388 Fri 12 May 2023 14:35:06 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37726 Fri 03 Dec 2021 10:33:48 AEDT ]]>